| Aztec
Ruins National Monument - Aztec Ruins National
Monument reserves structures and artifacts of Ancestral Pueblo people
from the 1100's through 1200s. People associated with Chaco Canyon to
the south built and used the structures, then people related to the Mesa
Verde region to the north used the site in the 1200's.
Bandelier
National Monument - On the canyon-slashed slopes and
bottoms of the Pajarito Plateau are the ruins of many cliff houses and
pueblo style dwellings of 13th-century Pueblo Indians.
Capulin
Volcano National Monument - Capulin Volcano, a nearly
perfectly-shaped cinder cone, stands more than 1200 feet above the
surrounding High Plains of northeastern New Mexico. The volcano is long
extinct, and today the forested slopes provide habitat for mule deer,
wild turkey, black bear and other wildlife. Abundant displays of
wildflowers bloom on the mountain each summer. A 2-mile paved road
spiraling to the volcano rim makes Capulin Volcano one of the most
accessible volcanoes in the world. Trails leading around the rim and to
the bottom of the crater allow a rare opportunity to easily explore a
volcano.
Carlsbad
Caverns National Park - Established to preserve
Carlsbad Cavern and numerous other caves within a Permian-age fossil
reef, the park contains over 85 known caves, including Lechuguilla
Cave—the nation's deepest limestone cave at 1,567 feet (478m) and
third longest. Carlsbad Cavern, with one of the world's largest
underground chambers and countless formations, is highly accessible,
with a variety of tours offered year-round.
Chaco
Culture National Historic Park - Chaco Culture
National Historical Park preserves one of America's richest and most
facinating cultural and historic areas. Chaco Canyon was a major
center of ancestral Puebloan culture between A.D. 850 and 1250. It was a
hub of ceremony, trade, and government for the prehistoric Four Corners
area - and a phenomenon unlike anything before or since.
El
Malpais National Monument - This monument preserves
114,277 acres of which 109,260 acres are federal and 5,017 acres are
private. El Malpais means "the badlands" but contrary to its
name this unique area holds many surprises, many of which researchers
are now unraveling. Volcanic features such as lava flows, cinder cones,
pressure ridges and complex lava tube systems dominate the landscape.
Closer inspection reveals unique ecosystems with complex relationships.
Sandstone bluffs and mesas border the eastern side, providing access to
vast wilderness.
El
Morro National Monument - "Inscription
Rock" is a soft sandstone monolith, rising 200 feet above the
valley floor, on which are carved hundreds of inscriptions. The monument
also includes pre-Columbian petroglyphs and Pueblo Indian ruins.
Fort
Union National Monument - Fort Union was established
in 1851 by Lieutenant Colonel Edwin V. Sumner as a guardian and
protector of the Santa Fe Trail. During it's forty-year history, three
different forts were constructed close together. The third and final
Fort Union was the largest in the American Southwest, and functioned as
a military garrison, territorial arsenal, and military supply depot for
the southwest. Today, visitors use a self-guided tour path to visit the
second fort and the large, impressive ruins of the third Fort Union. The
largest visible network of Santa Fe Trail ruts can be seen here. |
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Gilla
Cliff Dwellings National Monument - Gila Cliff
Dwellings National Monument offers a glimpse of the homes and lives of
the people of the Mogollon culture who lived there from the 1280s
through the early 1300s. The surroundings probably look today very much
like they did when the cliff dwellings were inhabited. It is surrounded
by the Gila National Forest and lies at the edge of the Gila Wilderness,
the nation's first designated wilderness area. This designation means
that the wilderness character of the area will not be altered by the
intrusion of roads or other evidence of human presence.
Pecos
National Historic Park - Pecos preserves 12,000 years
of history including the ancient pueblo of Pecos, two Spanish Colonial
Missions, Santa Fe Trail sites, 20th century ranch history of Forked
Lightning Ranch, and the site of the Civil War Battle of Glorieta Pass.
Petroglyph
National Monument - More than 20,000 prehistoric and
historic Native American and Hispanic petroglyphs (images carved in
rock) stretch 17-miles along Albuquerque's West Mesa escarpment.
Associated archeological sites provide important chapters in a 12,000
year- long story of human life in the Albuquerque area.
Salinas
Pueblo Missions National Monument - Once, thriving
American Indian trade communities of Tiwa and Tompiro speaking Puebloans
inhabited this remote frontier area of central New Mexico. Early in the
17th-century Spanish Franciscans found the area ripe for their
missionary efforts. However, by the late 1670s the entire Salinas
District, as the Spanish had named it, was depopulated of both Indian
and Spaniard. What remains today are austere yet beautiful reminders of
this earliest contact between Pueblo Indians and Spanish Colonials: the
ruins of four mission churches, at Quarai, Abó, and Gran Quivira and
the partially excavated pueblo of Las Humanas or, as it is known today,
Gran Quivira.
Santa
Fe National Historic Trail - Between 1821 and 1880,
the Santa Fe Trail was primarily a commercial highway connecting
Missouri and Santa Fe, New Mexico. From 1821 until 1846, it was an
international commercial highway used by Mexican and American traders.
In 1846, the Mexican-American War began. The Army of the West followed
the Santa Fe Trail to invade New Mexico. When the Treaty of Guadalupe
ended the war in 1848, the Santa Fe Trail became a national road
connecting the United States to the new southwest territories.
Commercial freighting along the trail continued, including considerable
military freight hauling to supply the southwestern forts. The trail was
also used by stage coach lines, thousands of gold seekers heading to the
California and Colorado gold fields, adventurers, fur trappers, and some
emigrants. In 1880 the railroad reached Santa Fe and the trail faded
into history.
White
Sands National Monument - At the northern end of the
Chihuahuan Desert lies a mountain ringed valley, the Tularosa Basin.
Rising from the heart of this basin is one of the world's great natural
wonders - the glistening white sands of New Mexico. Here, great
wave-like dunes of gypsum sand have engulfed 275 square miles of desert
and have created the world's largest gypsum dune field. The brilliant
white dunes are ever changing: growing, cresting, then slumping, but
always advancing. Slowly but relentlessly the sand, driven by strong
southwest winds, covers everything in its path.
Old Spanish National Historic Trail - The Old Spanish Trail was a pack mule trail linking land-locked New Mexico with coastal California between 1829 and 1848. Over this trail moved people, goods, and ideas. Recognizing the national significance of this historic long distance trade route, in 2002 Congress designated it the Old Spanish National Historic Trail.
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